窄分布AES在液体洗涤剂中的应用性能研究

研究了常规AE_2S和窄分布AE_2S的理化性能,并对其在餐具洗涤剂和洗衣液等产品中的去污力、泡沫和黏度等应用性能进行了研究。结果表明,窄分布AE_2S具有较高的临界胶束浓度(cmc),表面张力(γ_(cmc))与常规AE_2S相近,但其钙皂分散、抗硬水性能优于常规AE_2S;在餐具洗涤剂配方中,窄分布AE_2S体系的去油率、泡沫和增黏性能优于常规AE_2S;在普通洗衣液和皂基洗衣液配方中,窄分布AE_2S体系对炭黑、蛋白和皮脂污布的综合去污力与常规AE_2S相当,增黏性和泡沫高于常规AE_2S。     

具有含氧亚甲基中心桥键的含氟液晶化合物的质谱裂解规律研究

利用气相色谱质谱联用仪(GCMS)对含有侧向氟取代苯并吡喃结构和侧向氟取代萘酚(苯酚)结构的16个中心桥键为含氧亚甲基的醚类液晶化合物进行分析,结果表明此两类化合物的谱图具有明显的特征,化合物具有相似的裂解途径。主要是与醚键相连取代基团β位的氢通过四元环过渡态重排脱去中性分子,得到对应的侧向氟取代酚碎片离子;萘酚(苯酚)醚类化合物当结构中有两个烷氧基取代时,当另一个烷氧基也存在β氢时会再一次通过氢重排反应脱去烯烃,得到特征的侧向氟取代二酚碎片离子。对于苯并吡喃醚类化合物,当吡喃环α位有烷基取代时将通过σ键的断裂引起烷基碳碳键的裂解,脱去烷基自由基得到相应的离子;特殊的,对于苯并吡喃醚类液晶化合物其可以通过吡喃环上的氢重排引起吡喃环开环从而得到对应的离子。通过对此两类含有醚键结构的液晶化合物的质谱分析可为该类液晶化合物的杂质解析与质量监测提供依据,将有助于同类液晶衍生物的识别,同时可为混晶的有效剖析提供参考。     

A novel route to synthesis of glycerol dimethyl ether from epichlorohydrin with high selectivity

The effective utilization of glycerol, a by-product in the production of biodiesel, into useful chemicals is desirable from the viewpoint of green chemistry. With this in mind, a novel and highly selective route to synthesizing glycerol dimethyl ether (2,3-dimethoxy-1-propanol), a potential fuel additive, from glycerol was proposed. This route uses both glycerol and methanol as starting materials, takes epichlorohydrin as an intermediate product, and utilizes HCl as a recycling agent. Hereinto, the key step of this route is the reaction between epichlorohydrin and methanol to produce 2,3-dimethoxy-1-propanol which is identified by GC–MS, ESI-MS, IR and NMR. The thermodynamics of this reaction was analyzed and the result showed that the thermodynamics of a reaction was favorable and a high product yield was expected. The effect of various parameters such as kind of acid catalyst, molar ratio of epichlorohydrin to methanol, reaction temperature and reaction time was studied. Among various acid catalysts investigated, the acidic ionic liquid [HSO₃-b-N(CH₃)₃]HSO₄ exhibited the highest activity and selectivity: conversion of epichlorohydrin of 100% and selectivity of 2,3-dimethoxy-1-propanol of 99% at 393 K, 10 h, an initial pressure of 0.1 MPa and a molar ratio of catalyst:ECH:CH₃OH of 0.01:1:5. After the reaction, [HSO₃-b-N(CH₃)₃]HSO₄ was separated by vacuum distillation and then reused for the next cycle directly. The results showed that the product selectivity remained at about 94% but the conversion of epichlorohydrin dropped to 75% after being used five times. Subsequently, a reaction mechanism for the synthesis of 2,3-dimethoxy-1-propanol from epichlorohydrin and methanol was proposed.     

Novel anhydrous composite membranes based on sulfonated poly (ether ketone) and aprotic ionic liquids for high temperature polymer electrolyte membranes for fuel cell applications

Novel composite membranes were prepared using imidazolium type aprotic ionic liquids and sulfonated poly (ether ketone) (SPEK) as polymer matrix by solution casting process. All the prepared membranes were characterized for their thermal stability, mechanical properties, ion exchange capacity, proton conductivity and leaching out of ionic liquids in presence of water. Ionic liquid based membranes were more flexible than neat SPEK membrane due to the plasticization effect of ionic liquids. The interactions and compatibility occurring among components were investigated by vibration spectroscopy (FTIR ATR) and scanning electron microscopy respectively. The thermal stability of composite membranes was higher than unmodified membranes. The ion conductivity of composite membranes under anhydrous conditions was found to be dependent on temperature, type and concentration of ionic liquid in SPEK matrix. Ion conductivities of composite membranes under anhydrous condition were found to be up to two orders (∼100 times) higher than neat SPEK membrane and it was found to be ∼5 mS/cm at 140 °C for SPEK/OTf-70. These composite membranes can be successfully operated at temperatures ranging from 40 °C to 140 °C under anhydrous conditions.     

Determination of thiamethoxam,triadimenol and deltamethrin in pineapple using SLE-LTP extraction and gas chromatography

In this work, a simple and low cost method based on solid–liquid extraction with low temperature partitioning (SLE–LTP) was optimized and validated for the residue analyses of the pesticides thiamethoxam, triadimenol and deltamethrin in pineapple samples using gas chromatography with electron capture detector (GC-ECD). The SLE-LTP technique was proven satisfactory with recoveries up to 90% and linear chromatographic response for the analytes, ranging from 0.04 to 1.30 μg g⁻¹ with correlation coefficients above 0.99. The limits of quantification for the pesticides were lower than the allowed maximum limits of residues established for these pesticides in pineapple by the European Union.     

己酸菌液在浓香型白酒生产中的应用

采用公司自制的己酸菌功能茵液，应用于窖池养护、回窖发酵、串蒸提香以及制备调味酒等方面，并对应用结果进行了分析总结。结果表明，利用己酸菌功能茵液进行窖池的养护及其微生物复壮，能改善窖池，提高酒质；应用于回窖发酵、串蒸提香、调味酒生产等能明显提高产酒质量，增加经济效益。     

Inductive modulation on P-glycoprotein and cytochrome 3A by resveratrol,a constituent of grapes

Resveratrol has been reported to show various beneficial pharmacological effects. Nowadays, resveratrol dietary supplement (RDS) is available in the market. Cyclosporin (CsA), a probe drug of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), is an important immunosuppressant. This study investigated the effect of coadministration of RDS on CsA pharmacokinetics.     

基于简化SIFT的口服液杂质检测防抖方法

在口服液灯检机杂质检测系统中,口服液瓶体由于履带搓瓶的急停会有轻微的抖动,造成高速工业摄像机拍摄的前后两帧口服液瓶体图像中位于相同空间位置的像素无法重合在一起,导致前后两帧图像做差分结果出现错误。由于口服液中的杂质很小,一般会达到微米级别,因此机械的扰动以及口服液瓶体上的污点都有可能因位置偏差对检测结果造成影响。采用尺度不变特征检测（SIFT）对系统采集的前后两帧图像进行位置配准。SIFT算法稳定性精度很高,适用于高精度口服液杂质检测系统。基于抖动幅度微弱,对该算法进行了一定的改进与简化,以获得最佳配准结果。在实际检测过程中算法稳定,检测结果准确率很高。     

聚丙烯酰胺-咪唑类聚离子液体凝胶的辐射合成及其对铀和碘的吸附

采用γ射线辐射引发技术制备了一类聚丙烯酰胺-咪唑类聚离子液体凝胶(PAm-C_nvim_2Br_2)。当吸收剂量为5kGy时,得到了凝胶分数超过95%的聚离子液体凝胶,其溶胀度可由吸收剂量控制。合成的PAmC_nvim_2Br_2可以从碳酸盐溶液中吸附铀最大吸附量约130mg/g,或从碘化钠溶液中吸附碘离子最大吸附量约160mg/g,吸附过程符合Langmuir模型。红外与XPS分析表明,吸附过程遵循离子交换的反应机理。PAmC_nvim_2Br_2凝胶对铀及碘有很好的吸附、解吸性能,有望用于含有铀和碘的放射性废水处理。